Visualizers

Learn by moving things

Interactive explainers for the ideas behind retrieval, embeddings, and agents. A formula tells you what is true; dragging a vector shows you why. Each one also appears inside the article it belongs to, and runs entirely in your browser, so drag, poke, and break it.

Portrait of Sachin Gupta rendered in binary

Agentic RAG: retrieval as a decision

From: RAG That Thinks

Retrieval becomes one tool among several. An agent routes a question to a source, grades what comes back, and loops to try another when a result is weak: vector index, web search, SQL, or a knowledge graph.

Agentic RAG: pick a tool, grade it, loopinteractive
agentplan / gradevector indexweakweb searchSQL databaseknowledge graphqueryweak, loop and try another tool

The agent routes the question to the vector index and grades the result: weak, the answer is not in the indexed documents. So it does not plough ahead.

GraphRAG local search

From: Beyond the Vector

Local search starts at the entity your question names and walks its neighbourhood in the knowledge graph, one hop at a time, gathering connected facts. Ideal for pointed questions about a specific thing.

Local search: start at a name, walk outwardinteractive
AdaTeamProjectBobReportTask

Local search starts at the entity your question names, here “Ada”.

GraphRAG global search

From: Beyond the Vector

Global search clusters the graph into communities, summarizes each, maps the question over every community summary to get partial answers, then reduces them into one. Ideal for broad, whole-corpus questions flat RAG cannot touch.

Global search: summarize every community, then combineinteractive
Finance clustersummarypartial answerProduct clustersummarypartial answerPeople clustersummarypartial answerreduceone answer

The graph is clustered into communities, each with its own summary.

Visualizers — Sachin Gupta